Causes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable Bowel Syndrome is a chronic condition but incondition. However, biopsies from the large gut of
spite of extensive research, our understanding of theIrritable Bowel Syndrome patients have not shown
causative elements are still embryonic. The symptomsinflammation.
are different in individual sufferers and in individualThe inflammatory module triggered the idea that in IBS
sufferers the symptoms can vary from time to time.the large gut is colonised by bad bacteria. Since
This makes it difficult to pin point one specific cause.Helicobacter pylori was implicated in stomach problems
As symptoms in some Irritable Bowel Syndromeand good bacteria had conferred benefits in other gut
patients worsen after meals, it is suggested that IBS isconditions, probiotics were used to treat IBS. The
a dietary problem. This, however, is a naturalresults vary. There are two main types of good
phenomenon. Food intake stimulates increase intestinalbacteria in the gut. Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria.There
activity. This is the gastro-colic reflex. In Irritable Bowelare very good trial results for some and poor results
Syndrome, this effect is exaggerated and symptomsfor others. Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 has shown
develop. There is no clear evidence that food reactionbenefits in women with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. It
is a cause of IBS but certain foods can aggravatehelped both diarrhoea and constipation. Trials, however,
symptoms. Lactose intolerance and gluten allergyhave been hampered by low numbers, variable criteria
(Coeliac Disease) are considered separate from IBS.and different species of good bacteria. The Mayo
Some experts suggest that Irritable Bowel SyndromeClinic reviewed trial results and concluded that
is a motility disorder. In IBS the transit time of passageprobiotics for IBS are largely ineffective.
of food through the gut is altered. If it is too slow, moreSome experts think that Candida is a cause of IBS. If
water is absorbed from the faecal residue resulting inthis was this case antifungal treatment would help. A
constipation. If it is too fast, not enough water issubgroup of gastroenterologists thinks IBS is a
absorbed and diarrhoea results. The chaotic behaviourhypersensitivity disorder. It is recognised that
of the gut in IBS results in variable transit time and cansymptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome can be
cause constipation and/ or diarrhoea. There is no cleartriggered by stress, drugs and food. Certain food will
evidence that Irritable Bowel Syndrome is simply atrigger significant worsening of symptoms. It is still
motility disorder.unclear whether hypersensitivity of the gut is a cause
As much as 25% of people with Irritable Bowelof IBS.
Syndrome admit that their IBS developed after aThe more plausible cause of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
severe bout of gastroenteritis. This is more oftenis a faulty Brain-Gut connection. The Gut has its own
bacterial. During gastroenteritis, serotonin level in thenervous system called the Enteric Nervous System
blood is elevated. High level of this hormone causesand is connected to the brain via the Vagus nerve.
diarrhoea. In individuals that go on to develop IrritableThe body-mind aspect of IBS is becoming very
Bowel Syndrome, the serotonin level remains high. Thispopular with experts. Stress can cause diarrhoea and
results in diarrhoea-predominant IBS.depression can result in constipation.
This raises the possibility that IBS is an inflammatory