On the Brain, the Soul, and the Afterlife

Central to all the Abrahamic religions is the doctrine ofThere is no single dimension of the human that lacks a
an afterlife. Adherents of these religions believe thatcontrolling brain part.
after this earthly life, people will continue to live on inFurther studies into the brain have shown that when a
another state - for an eternity. This doctrine hasparticular brain part is disabled, the corresponding
influenced many human activities, as well as inspiredfunctions simply cease. For example, when the Broca's
many beliefs. The earthly existence is considered aarea in the frontal, left lobe of the brain is destroyed,
transitional phase - a temporary abode in whichthe person stops speaking - a condition called Broca's
individual destiny in the afterlife is determined. Someaphasia. If, however, the right parietal lobe is stimulated,
people will go to heaven and others to hell. Those whothe right angular gyrus may become excited, and an
go to heaven will never face suffering again.out-of-body experience results. A massive damage to
It is a comforting notion. It is also a notion that has beenthe left brain hemisphere will result in a person with
essentially refuted by recent scientific research.severe depression. Individual happiness can be
The notion of an afterlife necessarily postulates theenhanced by activating another part called the septum.
existence of an intangible, immortal part of the human.Surprisingly, religious experiences also have a
This part of the human is commonly called the soul.corresponding brain part: the temporal lobes. Epileptic
Now this soul supposedly contains all the intangibleattacks on these lobes has been known to make
parts of a human - self awareness, feelings,people hypereligious. And so on and so forth. Suffice it
intelligence, emotions and personality. When theto say that all human experiences have correspondent
physical body dies, this intangible soul supposedlyparts of the brain.
continues to live on - into eternity. Depending on theNow a question arises - since all human experiences
person's activities before death, the soul is cast intoare apparently dependent on the physical brain, how
either eternal rewards or eternal damnation.can they survive death? After all, in death, the brain
In the past, it was nearly impossible to test the "souldisintegrates completely. The parts directly responsible
hypothesis". This is because little was known about thefor emotions, personality, consciousness etc get
human mind. However, nowadays, through suchdestroyed. Claiming that these human facets survive
technologies as CAT (computed axial tomography)death hence is like claiming that a person can continue
scans, PET (positron emission topography) and theto see even after the eyes have been removed. For
more familiar MRI (magnetic resonance imaging),just as sight is a function of the eye, consciousness
scientists have managed to table out the entire brain,and personality is a function of the brain.
together with all the functions of its various parts. ThisThus, although the notions of a soul and an afterlife
is because the brain is an electrochemical system, andfeel comforting, objective research seems to show
shows higher electric activities in the areas that arethat the soul is a myth. And if the soul doesn't exist,
active. Through the brain scans, it has been establishedneither does the afterlife. We have only one life, and
that virtually every function of the human has athereafter, complete, utter oblivion - for an eternity.
corresponding part of the brain. Some functionsIt is a disturbing thought. It is also the closest thing to
correspond to specific parts of the brain, while othersthe truth.
correspond to diffused areas of the brain.