Understanding Heart Failure

failure means the heart has lost some of its ability tovessels into the tissues as a result of the backup. This
pump blood and not, as is often assumed, that theis referred to as "congestion." Congestion may lead to
heart has stopped beating. The two kinds of heartdifficulty breathing, swelling in the ankles and legs, or a
failure are "systolic heart failure" which refers to theloss of appetite. The causes of heart failure are varied.
heart muscle becoming weak and not being able toCommon causes are blockages in the blood vessels,
pump enough blood out with each beat and "diastolichigh blood pressure, disease of the heart valves,
heart failure," where the heart muscle has becomediabetes, infections of the heart muscle, cancer drugs,
stiff and has lost the ability to relax and fill completelyand genetic abnormalities that run in families. If no
with blood. Taking your medication, eating right,cause is known, it is referred to as "Idiopathic
watching fluid intake, and exercising will help preventCardiomyopathy." Symptoms of heart failure can be
heart failure from getting worse and can sometimessymptoms of other medical problems as well, i.e.
improve it.weight gain of more than two pounds overnight or five
The heart is a muscle with four chambers that pumppounds in a week, shortness of breath after simple
blood. The "atria" are the upper two chambers, theactivities, difficulty breathing while lying down, cough,
"ventricles" the lower two. The heart is really twoweakness or fatigue, swelling in the ankles or legs, loss
pumps that together move blood through the body.of appetite, belly pain and fullness.
The right-sided pump fills with blood returning from theShortness of breath or feeling weak after activity is
body and pumps it to the lungs to receive oxygen. Thethe first clues to heart failure. A doctor may use one
left side of the heart receives blood from the lungsof several tests to find the out the cause of your
and pumps it out to all parts of the body. Thesymptoms and decide on treatment. Possible tests
right-sided pump only has to pump blood to the lungs; itinclude: an Electrocardiogram ("EKG" or "ECG") which
is a thinner muscle than the left-sided pump which is arecords the electrical activity of your heart; an
strong, thick muscle.Echocardiogram ("Echo") which is an ultrasound of the
If a person has heart failure, his heart may not pumpheart; a Chest X-ray, an MRI, a Cardiopulmonary
enough blood to the lungs and other parts of the bodyExercise Test which is a kind of stress test; a MIBI
during activity. The result is a shortage of oxygen andStress Test; a PET Scan, Blood Tests, and Heart
nutrients in the blood that make a person weak andCatheterization which include right heart catheterization
tired. A backup of blood can be caused when theor left heart catheterization.
heart is not pumping well. Fluid leaks from the blood